Committed information rate (CIR)

One of several technologies used to separate multiple conversation transmissions over a finite frequency allocation of throughtheair bandwidth. TDMA is used to allocate a discrete amount of frequency bandwidth to each user in order to permit many simultaneous conversations. However, each caller is assigned a specific time slot for transmission.
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FDMA is the allocation of specific channels within a defined radio frequency bandwidth to carry a specific user’s information. FDMA is a mature, reliable method of RF communication, but requires more spectrum than competing technologies to deliver its payload.
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A feature/benefit provided by service providers that allows clients to consume more bandwidth when needed and if the carrier network has the capacity. Such consumption is often charged at a much higher rate.
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A virtual circuit connection established across a network on an asneeded basis and lasting only for the duration of the transfer. A virtual circuit that must be rebuilt each time it is used; similar to a dial-up connection.
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A software simulation of a computer within which a process executes. Each virtual machine has its own memory address space, and communication between virtual machines is securely controlled.
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