Failure

Builtin capability of a system to provide continued correct execution in the presence of a limited number of hardware or software faults. The ability of a system to suffer a fault but continue to operate. Fault tolerance is achieved by adding redundant components such as additional disks within a redundant array of independent disks (RAID) or additional servers within a failover clustered configuration.
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Data that is transferred to establish the claimed identity of an entity. Information, passed from one entity to another, used to establish the sending entity’s access rights.
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(1) The process, generally employing unique machinereadable names, that enables recognition of users or resources as identical to those previously described to the computer system. (2) The assignment of a name by which an entity can be referenced. The entity may be high level (such as a user) or low level (such as a process or communication channel). Process an information system uses to recognize an entity. The process by which a subject professes an identity and accountability is initiated. The identification process can consist of a user providing a username, a logon ID, a PIN, or a smart card or a process providing a process ID number.
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A set of values representing a specific entity belonging to a particular entity type. A single value is also the instance of a data item. An occurrence of an entity class that can be uniquely described. In object-oriented programming, an instance can be an object, example, or representation of a class.
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(1) An entity that can have many properties (either declarative, procedural, or both) associated with it. (2) An instance of a class. A passive entity that provides information or data to subjects. An object can be a file, a database, a computer, a program, a process, a file, a printer, a storage media, and so on. Passive entity containing or receiving information. Access to an object implies access to the information it contains.
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