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Rollback
(1) Restoration of a system to its former condition after it has switched to a fallback mode of operation when the cause of the fallback has been removed. (2) The restoration of the database to an original position or condition often after major damage to the physical medium.
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(1) A person who is in charge of defining and managing the contents of a database. (2) The individual in an organization who is responsible for the daily monitoring and maintenance of the databases. The database administrator’s function is more closely associated with physical database design than the data administrator’s function is.
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A multiplecomputer system that shares the load during peak hours. During nonpeak periods or standard operation, one system can handle the entire load with the others acting as fallback units.
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One of the four required characteristics of all database transactions. A database transaction must be an “all-or-nothing” affair. If any part of the transaction fails, the entire transaction must be rolled back as if it never occurred. The assurance that an operation either changes the state of all participating objects consistent with the semantics of the operation or changes none at all.
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A set of instructions or commands used to define data for the data dictionary. A data definition language (DDL) is used to describe the structure of a database. The database programming language that allows for the creation and modification of the database’s structure (known as the schema).
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A data manipulation language (DML) provides the necessary commands for all database operations, including storing, retrieving, updating, and deleting database records. The database programming language that allows users to interact with the data contained within the schema.
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