Operation code

The term “computer forensics” was coined in 1991 in the first training session held by the International Association of Computer Specialists (IACIS) in Portland, Oregon. Since then, computer forensics has become a popular topic in computer security circles and in the legal community. Like any other forensic science, computer forensics deals with the application of law to a science. In this case, the science involved is computer science and some refer to it as Forensic Computer Science. Computer forensics has also been described as the autopsy of a computer hard disk drive because specialized software tools and techniques are required to analyze the various levels at which computer data is stored after the fact. Computer forensics deals with the preservation, identification, extraction, and documentation of computer evidence. The field is relatively new to the private sector, but it has been the mainstay of technologyrelated investigations and intelligence gathering in law enforcement and military agencies since the mid1980s. Like any other forensic science, computer forensics involves the use of sophisticated technology tools and procedures that must be followed to guarantee the accuracy of the preservation of evidence and the accuracy of results concerning computer evidence processing. Typically, computer forensic tools exist in the form of computer software.
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A set of information that at least: identifies the certification authority issuing the certificate; unambiguously names or identifies its owner; contains the owner’s public key and is digitally signed by the certification authority issuing it. Digitally signed document that binds a public key with an identity. The certificate contains, at a minimum, the identity of the issuing Certification Authority, the user identification information, and the user’s public key. Endorsed copy of an individual’s public key that verifies their identity.
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A computer programming language in which alphanumeric symbols represent computer operations and memory addresses. Each assembler instruction translates into a single machine language instruction.
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Computer evidence is a copy of a document stored in a computer file that is identical to the original. The legal “best evidence” rules change when it comes to the processing of computer evidence. Another unique aspect of computer evidence is the potential for unauthorized copies to be made of important computer files without leaving behind a trace that the copy was made. This situation creates problems concerning the investigation of the theft of trade secrets (e. g. , client lists, research materials, computeraided design files, formulas, and proprietary software).
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(1) An outlet, usually on the exterior of a computer system, that enables peripheral devices to be connected and interfaced with the computer. (2) A numeric value used by the TCP/IP protocol suite that identifies services and applications. For example, HTTP Internet traffic uses port 80. A connection address within a protocol.
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